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The ongoing collateral seizures underscore both the pressure to resolve bad debts and the scale of collateral assets held across Vietnam’s banking system. Over 2025–2026, banks have reported collateral assets measured in quadrillions of dong, with real estate dominating the collateral mix. In 2025, private banks reportedly had collateral assets exceeding 3,000 trillion dong, and by late 2025 banks were auctioning numerous collateral properties.
As of September 2025, Vietcombank’s collateral assets surpassed 2.6 quadrillion dong, with real estate accounting for about two-thirds of total collateral.
Across cases involving everything from hundreds of plots to millions of dong recorded on bank books, real estate is the predominant form of credit collateral. Banks are intensifying efforts to recover real estate collateral, including through seizures and auctions.
Beyond individual banks, system-wide figures show a very large collateral stock. The four state-owned pillars—Vietcombank, Agribank, BIDV, and VietinBank—reported total collateral value exceeding 13.97 quadrillion dong, with real estate accounting for more than 10.6 quadrillion dong (about 76% of total collateral value).
The data indicate that as lending grows, collateral expands as well; however, the pressure to resolve bad debts remains a key driver of collateral seizures. With real estate dominating collateral portfolios, any liquidity or legal issues related to these assets can materially affect bank asset quality. Overall, the banking system’s real estate collateral stock spans multi-quadrillion-dong figures, highlighting its central role in credit risk and collateral management.
Source: Hà Nội Mới / Theo Hà Nội Mới.
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