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From May 15, 2026, Decree 90/2026/NĐ-CP will take effect, tightening rules on healthcare services and the use of BHYT (health insurance cards). The decree introduces higher and more specific penalties aimed at improving compliance and enforcement across both individuals and employers.
Under the new rules, using a BHYT card for purposes other than its intended use—including borrowing someone else’s card or lending your card to others for medical examination—will be fined from 1 million to less than 20 million dong, depending on the nature and severity of the violation.
The decree also adds sanctions for employers that fail to enroll or list participants fully within 60 days after the deadline. Penalties can reach up to 70 million dong, depending on the number of workers affected.
Beyond card misuse and employer non-compliance, the decree explicitly penalizes behaviors including late BHYT contributions, evading BHYT obligations, listing non-participants, or including ineligible persons.
The decree not only increases penalties but also includes remedial measures intended to ensure enforcement. The stated goal is to deter violations while compelling relevant parties to adjust their behavior. In the context of an already strained healthcare system, tightening BHYT management is presented as a necessary step.
According to VTV, as of the end of March 2026, the number of people participating in social insurance nationwide reached about 21.66 million, up 15.04% year-on-year.
For citizens, the new rules serve as a reminder to use BHYT cards correctly to avoid administrative penalties.
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