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The AI revolution is prompting economists to reconsider how they measure the standing of markets worldwide. In this context, traditional metrics such as GDP are being challenged by a new benchmark, GDI (Gross Domestic Intelligence), an index described as set to reshape how the strength and position of economies are assessed on the global AI landscape.
In a note to investors, Morgan Stanley analysts said: “Investors may soon use GDI as a national-resource metric. It is expected to become an important lens to quantify the competitiveness of economies and industries worldwide.”
GDI is designed to measure which economy has the most AI resources, with a focus on access to AI compute infrastructure. This includes GPUs, networking equipment, and data centers.
Epoch AI, a research group tracking AI and its impacts, tested GDI last year by estimating the share of global AI compute power. This week, Epoch AI released updated estimates supported by the Coefficient Giving Foundation, associated with Dustin Moskovitz.
The dataset, updated through Q4 2025, provides an expanded view of AI compute capacity across countries and technology firms. The index is evaluated and scaled based on AI chips comparable to Nvidia’s H100 GPUs. Compute power is defined as the total maximum operations a microchip can perform.
Epoch AI’s estimates place the United States in an absolute lead, at about 75% of global AI compute power. China ranks second at around 10%, followed by the EU. Norway and Japan are also included among the next tier of countries in the ranking.
In addition, Epoch AI’s analysis highlights that Google is establishing an absolute lead by combining its self-developed TPU chips (Tensor Processing Units) with Nvidia’s GPU lineup.
Epoch AI’s estimates also indicate that the top-ranked players in the GDI rankings are American corporations. The analysis further states that China’s total AI compute capacity is equivalent to the power of a single firm, Oracle.

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