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From January 1, 2026, the tax regime for household businesses has been replaced with a self-declaration system and taxation based on actual revenue. Under the Personal Income Tax Law passed by the 15th National Assembly at the 10th session, the taxable revenue threshold rises to 500 million dong per year, meaning only revenue above 500 million dong is subject to personal income tax and value-added tax.
The 500 million dong per year threshold is five times higher than the previous limit. Tax authorities said the change is not only a shift in how taxes are calculated, but also a change in management approach—moving toward a more transparent and fair governance framework.
According to the tax authorities, the transition is designed to accompany taxpayers rather than impose heavier penalties in the initial phase. Local tax agencies have held direct dialogues with households, supported declaration software and electronic invoicing, and connected with providers to reduce deployment costs.
Tax authorities confirmed that declared data for 2026 will not be used to adjust or recover khoán-era taxes for prior years. This is intended to create a sense of security and encourage households to move toward the new, more transparent tax regime.
Ms. Mai Son, Deputy Director of the Tax Department, said that in the initial stage the focus is on accompanying and supporting households rather than increasing inspection or penalties. She added that the tax agency will actively guide and remind households to follow the new process to reduce errors.
For many household businesses, the shift requires adapting to electronic invoices, declaration software, revenue tracking, and more detailed cost documentation. Ms. Bui Hoai Phuong, owner of a grocery store in Tu Liêm ward (Hanoi), said the removal of khoán tax and the switch to declaration based on actual revenue create initial pressures, including the need to manage records more carefully.
She noted that costs may rise in accounting, equipment, or time. However, she said the long-term effect is greater operational transparency and easier verification of cash flow for bank lending, supporting expansion.
One aim of Resolution 68-NQ/TW on private sector development is to have 2 million enterprises by 2030. Expert TS Nguyen Quoc Viet from Hanoi National Economics University said moving from khoán tax to revenue-based declaration is a managerial adjustment that also pushes private businesses to upgrade step by step toward enterprise status.
As households adopt declaration based on revenue and actual costs, they are expected to organize ledgers and financial management more professionally. The authorities said state incentives for households converting to enterprises—such as tax exemptions, cost reductions for business registration, and easier entry into the formal economy—are intended to support this transition.
The government also issued Decree No. 20-2026/ND-CP detailing and guiding the implementation of several provisions of Resolution No. 198/2025/QH15 of May 17, 2025 on special development policies for the private sector.
Under the decree, from January 15, 2026, small and medium enterprises registering for the first time will be exempt from corporate income tax for three years. Tax authorities said these incentives are expected to become a major engine for the private sector while encouraging household businesses to upgrade to enterprises and expand production.
According to tax authorities, in 2025, 18,392 khoán households shifted to declared tax. Revenue from household businesses in 2025 reached 32.84 trillion dong, up 37.5% from 2024 and 65.2% from 2023—an increase described as the highest in three years and indicative of a clear shift in tax administration toward household businesses.
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