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Giấy phép số 4978/GP-TTĐT do Sở Thông tin và Truyền thông Hà Nội cấp ngày 14 tháng 10 năm 2019 / Giấy phép SĐ, BS GP ICP số 2107/GP-TTĐT do Sở TTTT Hà Nội cấp ngày 13/7/2022.
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In recent years, the number of trade-defense investigations into Vietnam’s export goods has risen markedly, becoming a structural feature rather than a temporary trend. As Vietnam’s export scale has expanded rapidly, openness has increased, and the country participates more deeply in global supply chains, the frequency of investigations has grown in proportion.
As of early 2026, Vietnam’s export goods face around 300 trade-defense investigations from 25 markets. In 2025 alone, Vietnam recorded 23 cases from 12 markets. The markets initiating many investigations include the United States, India, Mexico, Canada, the European Union, Australia, Malaysia, and Thailand.
In terms of sectors, the highest-risk group in 2026 remains steel, aluminum, wood and wood products, building materials, and certain manufactured industrial goods. These sectors are characterized by large turnovers, rapid growth, and close links to complex global supply chains, which keeps trade-defense pressure elevated in the near term.
The United States continues to be under very tight scrutiny, not only for traditional anti-dumping cases but also expanding to anti-circumvention, origin fraud, and illicit transshipment measures.
According to the Trade Defense Authority, there are three core internal reasons that can lead Vietnamese goods to fall under anti-dumping scrutiny.
From the regulator’s perspective, a major focus in recent years has been strengthening an early-warning system. The system has shifted from a reactive approach to supply-chain risk management.
Early warnings are issued for items at risk of investigation or being considered for circumvention, origin fraud, and illicit transshipment, as well as for markets with high-risk groups. The system periodically flags high-risk product groups and markets and updates the warning list for enterprises to monitor.
Previously, warnings were issued periodically for about 30 product groups across markets. Now, warnings are updated through specialized notices and the Weekly Trade Defense Newsletter and Early Warning alerts.
The authority says warnings no longer only identify the product; they also include specific risk indicators. Regulators also note risks when enterprises use inputs or components imported from markets under tariffs, then process in Vietnam to export to a third market.
In addition to warnings, the authority works closely with associations, Vietnamese missions abroad, and the business community to train on record-keeping, material tracing, and standardizing origin documents. The stated goal is to help enterprises prevent problems proactively and avoid being drawn into contingent cross-market investigations.
The authority assesses that the capacity of Vietnamese enterprises to respond has improved significantly compared to earlier periods. More enterprises understand that trade defense is part of export operations. Some major sectors coordinate with associations, hire legal counsel, establish data hubs, and participate in answering questionnaires in a relatively methodical way. The Trade Defense Authority also regularly accompanies and supports enterprises in handling cases.
However, the biggest weakness for many enterprises remains the lack of standardized data systems and inconsistent explanations. Foreign authorities often require detailed information, including production costs, selling costs, export transactions, domestic transactions, shareholding structures, related-party relationships, and sources of inputs. If enterprises respond slowly, data conflicts arise, or original documents cannot substantiate claims, investigators may rely on available data in a way that disadvantages the Vietnamese side—often resulting in very high tax margins. The authority describes this as a technical risk that can be decisive for case outcomes.
Another limitation is insufficient internal coordination among departments—export, accounting, production, legal, and procurement. The authority characterizes a trade-defense case as a comprehensive test of corporate governance, making resolution difficult if only one department handles it.
Looking ahead, the authority says enterprises that treat data preparation and compliance as “export infrastructure” will be better prepared to withstand shocks.
A recent positive example cited is Australia ending an investigation and not imposing anti-dumping duties on hot-rolled concrete-reinforcing steel bars from Vietnam.
According to official announcements, on 16/12/2025 the Australian Anti-Dumping Commission issued a partial termination of the investigation into this product and did not impose duties. The authority notes this as a notable result amid tightening investigations into metal products across multiple markets.
From a governance perspective, the core lesson is that when enterprises cooperate fully, provide transparent information on time, and pursue the case early, a positive outcome is plausible. The authority also emphasizes that foreign investigators—especially in markets with transparent procedures—scrutinize the data and arguments provided by enterprises, associations, and the managing agency. Outcomes therefore depend not only on policy context but also heavily on the quality of cooperation and the ability to substantiate claims.
The authority recommends shifting from a mindset of “case-handling” to “trade-defense risk management.” From the export planning stage, firms should consider legal aspects of the market, the trajectory of investigations into similar products, dependence on a single market, the composition of inputs, and the risk of circumvention. The authority warns that risk increases if exports grow too fast into a market or rely too heavily on a single customer group.
On supply chains, firms should invest more in traceability, transparency of inputs, increasing actual localization, and screening suppliers. In the context of rising avoidance of circumvention, “Made in Vietnam” should be supported not only by branding but also by data, processes, and real value-added.
On pricing strategy, the authority advises against price competition “at any price.” It notes that export prices dropping too low or growing too quickly—combined with insufficient cost documentation—can allow foreign plaintiffs to file suit.
Instead, it recommends competing on quality, standards, delivery timeliness, service, and reliability rather than price alone.
Finally, associations are urged to play a more central role as data-sharing hubs: disseminating early warnings, organizing training, and connecting enterprises with regulators. The authority says that when enterprises, associations, and government agencies establish a regular, structured coordination mechanism, the industry’s capacity to defend itself improves.
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